Psoriasis can be a challenging condition to manage, but with the right approach, it’s possible to find relief and improve your quality of life. In this article, we will explore the best practices for managing psoriasis and discuss strategies that you can incorporate into your daily routine. From understanding triggers to adopting a healthy lifestyle, these tips will help you take control of your psoriasis and minimize its impact on your daily life. So, let’s dive in and discover the key strategies for effectively managing this skin condition.
Managing Symptoms
Moisturize regularly
One of the key steps in managing psoriasis symptoms is to moisturize regularly. Keeping your skin well moisturized helps prevent dryness and reduce itching. Look for moisturizers that are fragrance-free and specifically formulated for sensitive skin. Apply moisturizer all over your body immediately after a shower or bath, when your skin is still slightly damp, to lock in moisture. Pay extra attention to dry and affected areas, such as elbows, knees, and hands.
Avoid triggers
Identifying and avoiding triggers can play a crucial role in managing psoriasis symptoms. Triggers can vary from person to person, but common ones include stress, infections, injury to the skin, certain medications, and weather conditions. Pay attention to any patterns or associations between certain triggers and flare-ups. By avoiding or minimizing exposure to triggers, you may be able to reduce the frequency and severity of psoriasis symptoms.
Use medicated shampoos
If you have scalp psoriasis, using medicated shampoos can help control symptoms. Look for shampoos that contain active ingredients like coal tar, salicylic acid, or corticosteroids. These ingredients can help reduce scalp inflammation, remove scales, and relieve itching. Use the medicated shampoo as directed by your dermatologist, and consider leaving it on for a few minutes before rinsing to allow the active ingredients to work effectively.
Take warm (not hot) showers
When it comes to showering, opt for warm water instead of hot water. Hot water can strip your skin of its natural oils and exacerbate dryness and itching. Additionally, avoid scrubbing your skin too vigorously with a towel, as it can further irritate sensitive areas. After showering, pat your skin gently with a towel to remove excess moisture, rather than rubbing it vigorously. Following these practices can help keep your skin hydrated and minimize discomfort.
Practice stress management techniques
Stress can be a trigger for psoriasis flare-ups, so practicing stress management techniques is essential for managing the condition. Find relaxation techniques that work for you, such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, or yoga. Engaging in activities that you enjoy, such as hobbies or spending time with loved ones, can also help reduce stress levels. Remember to prioritize self-care and make time for activities that help you relax and unwind.
Topical Treatments
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are commonly prescribed topical treatments for psoriasis. They work by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. Available in various strengths, corticosteroids can effectively relieve itching, redness, and scaling. It’s important to follow your dermatologist’s instructions on how to apply the corticosteroid cream or ointment, as prolonged use or overuse can lead to thinning of the skin or other side effects. Corticosteroids are usually used for short-term relief during flare-ups.
Calcitriol
Calcitriol is a synthetic form of vitamin D that can be used topically to treat psoriasis. It works by regulating the growth and thickness of skin cells. Calcitriol ointment can help reduce inflammation, itching, and scaling associated with psoriasis. It is typically used once daily and should be applied to the affected areas only, avoiding healthy skin. Calcitriol may take several weeks to show noticeable improvements in symptoms.
Coal tar
Coal tar has been used for decades to treat psoriasis symptoms. It helps slow down the excessive growth of skin cells, reduces inflammation, and relieves itching. Coal tar comes in various forms such as shampoos, creams, and ointments. It is important to follow the instructions provided and gradually increase the frequency of use to allow your skin to adjust. Some people may find the smell and staining properties of coal tar products unpleasant, but they can be effective in managing psoriasis symptoms.
Salicylic acid
Salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent that helps remove scales and reduce skin thickness. It can be found in shampoos, creams, ointments, and even in some over-the-counter products. Salicylic acid softens the outer layer of the skin, making it easier to remove scales. When using products containing salicylic acid, it is important to follow the instructions and avoid applying it to large areas or broken skin, as it can be absorbed by the body and lead to systemic effects.
Anthralin
Anthralin is a topical medication that slows down the growth of skin cells and reduces inflammation. It is typically used for psoriasis on the body, not the face or genitals. Anthralin is available in various strengths and can be applied to the affected areas for a short period of time, usually about 15-30 minutes, before being washed off. After application, it may cause temporary staining of the skin and may irritate healthy skin, so it’s important to follow the instructions provided by your dermatologist.
Systemic Medications
Methotrexate
Methotrexate is a systemic medication that is commonly used to treat moderate to severe psoriasis. It works by suppressing the immune system and reducing the rapid growth of skin cells. Methotrexate is usually taken orally or by injection once per week. Regular blood tests are necessary to monitor liver function and ensure the medication is not causing any adverse effects. Methotrexate can be highly effective in managing psoriasis symptoms, but it should only be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional due to potential side effects.
Cyclosporine
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive medication that can be used for short-term treatment of severe psoriasis. It works by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation. Cyclosporine is typically taken orally, and the dosage is gradually tapered off after several weeks to avoid potential side effects. Regular blood tests are required to monitor kidney function and blood pressure while taking cyclosporine. Due to its potential for adverse effects, cyclosporine is generally reserved for short-term use in severe cases.
Acitretin
Acitretin is an oral retinoid medication that can be used to treat severe psoriasis. It works by reducing the growth rate of skin cells and suppressing inflammation. Acitretin is typically taken once per day, and it may take several weeks to months to see noticeable improvements in symptoms. Regular blood tests are necessary while taking acitretin to monitor liver function and cholesterol levels. Women of childbearing age must use effective contraception, as acitretin can cause severe birth defects.
Apremilast
Apremilast is an oral medication that is used to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. It works by inhibiting specific enzymes involved in the inflammation process. Apremilast is taken twice a day, and noticeable improvements in symptoms can be seen within several weeks of starting treatment. It is generally well tolerated, but like any medication, it may cause side effects. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is important while taking apremilast.
Biologics
Biologics are a class of systemic medications that target specific parts of the immune system involved in the development of psoriasis. They are typically reserved for people with moderate to severe psoriasis who have not responded well to other treatments. Biologics are given by injection or infusion and are usually taken once every few weeks or months. While biologics can be highly effective in managing psoriasis symptoms, they do come with potential side effects, so regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is essential.
Phototherapy
UVB Phototherapy
UVB phototherapy involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet B light, which helps reduce inflammation and slow down the excessive growth of skin cells. This treatment is usually done in a dermatologist’s office using a specialized UVB lamp. Sessions are typically scheduled several times a week, and the duration and intensity of the treatment are gradually increased based on individual response. UVB phototherapy can be an effective treatment option, but it does require regular visits to the dermatologist and carries a risk of skin damage and increased risk of skin cancer.
PUVA Therapy
PUVA therapy combines a photosensitizing medication called psoralen with UVA light exposure. Psoralen can be taken orally or applied topically, followed by exposure to UVA light in a specialized light booth. This treatment helps slow down the rapid growth of skin cells and reduce inflammation. PUVA therapy is usually scheduled two to three times a week, with the dose of psoralen and UVA light carefully monitored. Regular follow-up visits and monitoring of the eyes and skin are necessary, as PUVA therapy carries a risk of skin aging, eye damage, and an increased risk of skin cancer.
Excimer Laser Therapy
Excimer laser therapy involves using a handheld device that delivers concentrated UVB light to specific areas of the skin affected by psoriasis. This targeted treatment can be especially helpful for localized psoriasis patches and scalp psoriasis. Excimer laser therapy is typically performed in a dermatologist’s office, and multiple sessions may be required to achieve desired results. It is generally well-tolerated, but there is a risk of skin damage and increased risk of skin cancer, so regular monitoring is important.
Lifestyle and Diet
Maintain a healthy weight
Maintaining a healthy weight is important for managing psoriasis, as excess weight can increase inflammation and worsen symptoms. Aim for a balanced diet and regular exercise to help achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian to create a meal plan that is tailored to your specific needs and incorporates nutrient-rich foods that can promote overall skin health.
Eat a balanced diet
A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats can support your overall health and potentially help manage psoriasis symptoms. Some studies suggest that certain foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids found in fatty fish, may have anti-inflammatory properties that could benefit people with psoriasis. While there is no one-size-fits-all diet for psoriasis, focusing on a nutrient-dense, well-rounded diet can contribute to your overall well-being.
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can both worsen psoriasis symptoms and increase the risk of developing other related health conditions. Smoking has been linked to more severe psoriasis and reduced response to treatment. Alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness of some medications used to treat psoriasis. Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol consumption can contribute to better management of psoriasis and improve overall health.
Get regular exercise
Engaging in regular physical activity can have numerous benefits for people with psoriasis. Exercise helps reduce stress, maintain a healthy weight, and promote circulation, which can aid in the delivery of necessary nutrients to the skin. Choose activities that you enjoy and make them a regular part of your routine. Remember to start slowly and gradually increase intensity to avoid overexertion, which can trigger flare-ups.
Stay hydrated
Staying hydrated is important for maintaining healthy skin. When your body is properly hydrated, your skin is better able to retain moisture. Aim to drink enough water throughout the day, and consider using a humidifier in your home, especially during dry seasons or in arid climates. Avoid excessive caffeine and alcohol, as they can contribute to dehydration.
Alternative Therapies
Aloe vera
Aloe vera has long been used for its soothing and moisturizing properties, and it may help alleviate mild psoriasis symptoms. Apply pure aloe vera gel directly to affected areas to help soothe inflammation and reduce itching. Ensure that you are using pure aloe vera gel without added fragrances or chemicals, as these can potentially irritate the skin.
Fish oil supplements
Fish oil supplements, which contain omega-3 fatty acids, have been studied for their potential benefits in managing psoriasis symptoms. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce the severity of psoriasis. Consider incorporating fish oil supplements into your daily routine, but consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.
Turmeric
Turmeric contains a compound called curcumin, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. While research on the benefits of turmeric for psoriasis is limited, some individuals find relief by incorporating it into their diet or using turmeric-based creams or ointments. Discuss with a healthcare professional before incorporating turmeric into your routine, especially if you are taking any medications or have any underlying health conditions.
Tea tree oil
Tea tree oil is known for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Some individuals find that applying diluted tea tree oil topically to their psoriasis patches can help reduce redness, scaling, and itching. However, it’s important to note that tea tree oil may cause skin irritation in some people, so patch testing is recommended before applying it to larger areas.
Dead Sea salt baths
Soaking in a bath with Dead Sea salt has been a popular natural remedy for psoriasis. Dead Sea salt contains minerals that can help exfoliate dead skin cells, reduce itching, and soothe inflammation. Add a handful of Dead Sea salt to warm bathwater and soak for about 15-20 minutes. Afterward, gently pat your skin dry and apply moisturizer to lock in moisture.
Managing Scalp Psoriasis
Gently remove scales
When dealing with scalp psoriasis, it’s important to be gentle. Avoid picking or scratching at the scales, as this can worsen the condition and potentially lead to infection. Instead, gently remove scales using a soft brush or comb designed for scalp use. Start by applying a medicated shampoo or scalp treatment to help loosen the scales, then carefully brush or comb through the hair and scalp to remove them.
Use medicated shampoos and scalp treatments
Medicated shampoos and scalp treatments are specifically formulated to target scalp psoriasis symptoms, helping to reduce inflammation, remove scales, and relieve itching. Look for products that contain active ingredients like salicylic acid, coal tar, or corticosteroids. Follow the instructions provided by your dermatologist and allow the product to sit on your scalp for a few minutes before rinsing to allow adequate time for the active ingredients to work.
Avoid scratching or picking at the scalp
Scratching or picking at the scalp can worsen scalp psoriasis and potentially lead to infection. It can also cause hair breakage or hair loss. Be mindful of this impulse and resist the urge to scratch, even if it feels itchy. If you find it difficult to avoid scratching, consider covering your scalp with a hat or applying a soothing lotion or cream prescribed by your dermatologist to help alleviate the itchiness.
Cover your head in extreme weather conditions
Extreme weather conditions, such as excessive cold or heat, can exacerbate scalp psoriasis symptoms. In cold weather, protecting your head with a hat, scarf, or hood can help retain heat and prevent dryness. In hot weather or strong sunlight, wearing a wide-brimmed hat can shield your scalp from direct exposure and reduce the risk of sunburn, which can trigger or worsen psoriasis flare-ups.
Protect your scalp from sunburn
Sunburn can trigger or worsen scalp psoriasis, so it’s important to protect your scalp from harmful UV rays. When spending time outdoors, apply a sunscreen with a high SPF to your scalp, or wear a hat that provides adequate shade. Opt for a hat with a wide brim to offer maximum protection for your scalp and face. Remember to reapply sunscreen regularly, especially if you are sweating or swimming.
Psychological Support
Join a support group
Connecting with others who have psoriasis can provide valuable emotional support and the opportunity to share experiences and coping strategies. Consider joining a local support group or participating in online communities and forums dedicated to psoriasis. Hearing from others who understand the challenges of living with psoriasis can help you feel less isolated and provide insights into managing the condition more effectively.
Seek professional therapy
Living with psoriasis can sometimes be emotionally challenging. If you are struggling with feelings of anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem, seeking professional therapy can be beneficial. A therapist or counselor can provide guidance and support in navigating the emotional impact of psoriasis and help develop coping strategies to enhance your overall well-being.
Practice relaxation techniques
Relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, or progressive muscle relaxation, can help reduce stress and promote overall relaxation. Engage in these techniques regularly to help manage stress levels and alleviate the emotional burden that can come with living with psoriasis. Find a relaxation technique that resonates with you and incorporate it into your daily routine.
Connect with others who have psoriasis
Connecting with others who have psoriasis can provide a sense of understanding and community. Reach out to friends, family, or acquaintances who also have psoriasis, or consider attending local events or support groups dedicated to psoriasis. Sharing experiences, tips, and encouragement with others who can relate to your journey can be comforting and empowering.
Educate yourself about the condition
Knowledge is power when it comes to managing psoriasis. Educating yourself about the condition can help you better understand the underlying causes, common triggers, and available treatments. Stay up to date with reliable sources of information, such as reputable medical websites or educational materials provided by dermatologists. Being well-informed can help you make informed decisions about your treatment and lifestyle choices.
Avoiding Triggers
Stress
Stress is a common trigger for psoriasis flare-ups. While it may not be possible to completely eliminate stress from your life, finding healthy ways to manage and cope with stress can help minimize its impact on your psoriasis symptoms. Consider incorporating stress management techniques such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, or engaging in activities you enjoy into your daily routine.
Infections
Infections, such as strep throat or skin infections, can provoke psoriasis flare-ups. Take necessary precautions, such as practicing good hygiene and avoiding close contact with individuals who have contagious illnesses. If you develop an infection, seek prompt medical treatment to prevent it from exacerbating your psoriasis symptoms.
Injury to the skin
Injury to the skin, such as cuts, scrapes, or bug bites, can trigger psoriasis flare-ups in some individuals. Take precautions to protect your skin from injuries, such as wearing protective clothing or gloves when engaging in activities where skin may be at risk. Be mindful of potential hazards and take necessary precautions to minimize the risk of skin injuries.
Certain medications
Certain medications, such as lithium, antimalarials, and beta-blockers, have been associated with triggering or worsening psoriasis symptoms in some individuals. If you have psoriasis, inform your healthcare provider about your condition so they can consider alternative medications or closely monitor your response to the prescribed medications. Do not discontinue or change medications without consulting your healthcare provider.
Weather conditions
Extreme weather conditions, especially cold and dry weather, can worsen psoriasis symptoms. Take necessary measures to protect your skin from harsh weather conditions, such as wearing appropriate clothing to keep warm and using a humidifier to add moisture to the air indoors. Be mindful of how your skin reacts to different weather conditions and make adjustments accordingly to minimize the impact on your psoriasis.
Regular Skin Exams
Monitor your skin regularly
Regularly monitoring your skin is crucial for detecting any changes or new symptoms associated with psoriasis. Keep an eye out for new patches, changes in existing patches, or any signs of infection. Note any unusual symptoms or concerns and bring them to the attention of your dermatologist.
Check for any changes or new symptoms
During your regular skin exams, check for any changes or new symptoms that could indicate a flare-up or worsening of your psoriasis. Look for redness, scaling, thickening, or any other abnormalities on your skin. If you notice any significant changes or persistent symptoms, consult with your dermatologist for a professional evaluation and guidance.
Consult a dermatologist for a professional exam
While self-monitoring is important, it is also crucial to consult with a dermatologist for professional skin exams. A dermatologist will be able to provide a thorough evaluation, accurately diagnose any new symptoms or changes, and recommend appropriate treatment options. Regular visits to a dermatologist can ensure early detection and effective management of psoriasis.
Discuss any concerns or questions
Take the opportunity during your dermatology appointments to discuss any concerns or questions you may have about your psoriasis. Your dermatologist can provide guidance, offer advice on managing symptoms, and address any specific concerns you may have. Open communication is key in ensuring you receive the best possible care and support in managing your condition.
By following these best practices for managing psoriasis, you can take proactive steps towards reducing symptoms, improving your quality of life, and maintaining healthy skin. Remember that psoriasis is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management, and finding a treatment plan that works best for you may involve a combination of different approaches. Be patient, seek professional guidance, and remember that you are not alone in this journey. With the right management strategies and support, you can effectively manage your psoriasis and live a fulfilling life.